规模化种猪场伪狂犬病病毒阴性维持策略及效果评估

doi:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2026.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文以安徽省某规模化种猪场为研究对象，系统阐述了猪伪狂犬病综合净化方案的构建逻辑、实施路径及应用效果。通过确立“免疫—监测—淘汰”三位一体的核心净化技术体系，制定并执行精准化疫苗免疫程序，同步开展持续动态的血清学与病原学监测，实现对疫病的精准防控与逐步净化。试验跟踪监测试验猪场7年，7年间该猪场一直是猪伪狂犬病病毒gE抗体阴性，gB抗体阳性率持续高于90%，该猪场于2024年通过国家级猪伪狂犬病净化审查。猪场在达到净化标准后，继续严格执行全进全出养殖模式、闭群繁育管理及全方位生物安全防控措施，有效维持了猪场净化状态。研究发现，该净化方案成功落地后，经过6年的严格执行，猪场生产成绩明显提升，能繁母猪受胎率平均提升1.00%、分娩率平均提升1.02%、哺乳仔猪成活率平均提升0.7%、母猪贡献率平均提升1.04%、育成猪成活率平均提升0.43%、育肥猪料肉比平均下降0.04、动保费用平均降低12.16元/头，且实现了猪场年均经济效益的大幅增长，为我国规模化猪场重大动物疫病的净化及维持工作提供了科学可行、可复制推广的实践范例。

关键词: 生猪, 伪狂犬病, 疫病净化, 精准免疫, 动态监测, 养殖效益

Abstract: Taking a large-scale breeding pig farm in Anhui Province as the research object, this paper systematically elaborated on the construction logic, implementation path, and application effects of the comprehensive purification scheme for porcine pseudorabies in the farm. By establishing a “three-in-one” core purification technical system and path of “immunization-monitoring-elimination”, a targeted and refined vaccine immunization program was formulated and implemented, and continuous dynamic serological and etiological monitoring was carried out simultaneously to achieve precise prevention and control and gradual purification of the disease. The trial had been tracking and monitoring the test pig farm for 7 years. During this period, the farm had consistently tested negative for gE antibodies against porcine pseudorabies virus, while the positive rate for gB antibodies has remained above 90%. In 2024, the farm passed the national-level inspection for porcine pseudorabies eradication. After meeting the purification standards, the purified state of the farm was effectively maintained by strictly implementing the “all in and out” breeding mode, closed-herd breeding management, and comprehensive and rigorous biosecurity prevention and control measures. Practice had verified that the successful implementation of the porcine pseudorabies purification scheme in this farm, after six years of strict implementation, the production performance of the pig farm has seen significant improvement, the conception rate of reproductive sows has increased by an average of 1.00%, the farrowing rate has increased by an average of 1.02%, the survival rate of suckling piglets has increased by an average of 0.7%, the contribution rate of sows has increased by an average of 1.04%, the survival rate of finishing pigs has increased by an average of 0.43%, the feed-to-meat ratio of fattening pigs has decreased by an average of 0.04, and the animal protection cost has been reduced by an average of 12.16 yuan per head. And it had achieved a significant increase in the annual economic benefits of the pig farm. It was providing a scientifically feasible and replicable practical model for the purification of major animal diseases in large-scale pig farms in China.

Key words: pig, porcine pseudorabies, disease purification, precision immunization, dynamic monitoring, breeding benefits

中图分类号: S828；S852.65

吴国林, 洪阳, 邵丽晓, 姜平, 白娟. 规模化种猪场伪狂犬病病毒阴性维持策略及效果评估[J]. 中国猪业, 2026, 21(5): 98-106.

WU Guolin, HONG Yang, SHAO Lixiao, JIANG Ping, BAI Juan. Maintenance strategy and efficacy evaluation of Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) negative status in a large-scale swine farm[J]. China Swine Industry, 2026, 21(5): 98-106.

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