中国猪业 ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (4): 11-16.doi: 10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2026.04.002

• 专题报道 • 上一篇    下一篇

楼房猪场饲料输送排程减少顶料损失与电耗的应用

童宇1，刘承汉2，蒋海华2，吴芮庭2，王玲丽2，钟儒清3*，刘向东1,2*   

  1. 1华中农业大学，湖北武汉430070 2广西扬翔集团股份有限公司，广西贵港537100 3中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所，北京100193
  • 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-25
  • 作者简介:作者简介：童宇 （1982-），男，博士，讲师，研究方向为智慧养猪技术与楼房养猪模式的创新与应用，E-mail：tongyu@mail.hzau.edu.cn 通信作者：刘向东 （1983-），男，博士，副教授，研究方向为智慧养猪技术与楼房养猪模式的创新与应用，E-mail：liuxiangdong@mail.hzau.edu.cn；钟儒清 （1990-），男，副研究员，研究方向为猪营养与健康养殖，E-mail：zhongruqing@caas.cn

Application of feed delivery scheduling to reduce flush feed loss and electricity consumption in multi-story swine farms

TONG Yu1, LIU Chenghan2, JIANG Haihua2, WU Ruiting2, Wang Lingli2, ZHONG Ruqing3*, LIU Xiangdong1,2*   

  1. 1Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 

    2Guangxi Yangxiang Group Co., Ltd., Guigang 537100, China; 

    3Institute of Animal Sciences of CAAS, Beijing 100193, China

  • Online:2026-08-25 Published:2026-08-25

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摘要： 楼房猪场料线为多料种共用干线输送，换料须以一批“牺牲性饲料”（行业通称“顶料”）将管内残留顶出，既直接损失饲料，又因输送设备额外运行而增加电耗。针对现役按料位触发、无跨层归并的人工排料导致的异料切换次数波动与隔离漏执行问题，探索不改动设备与管路、仅调整投料先后顺序的减损节能方法。将场内隔离规程固化为“需隔离组合清单、顶料定量、隔离间隔”3条规则，配合同料归并、楼层聚段与专用料集中批次3项排序手段，形成可直接交中控执行的投料顺序表与料种批次台账，使隔离制度由人工自觉转为算法强制。在某6层24个饲喂点、存栏约3 600头猪的楼房猪舍连续10个生产日应用，以同口径10日基期对照。隔离规程执行率100%，无高风险暴露事件；日隔离切换由4.4次降至2.0次，顶料净损由88 kg/d降至40 kg/d、日减损约168元；日均实测电耗由39.5 kWh降至28.9 kWh（降幅26.7%）。单次顶料完整代价约72元（饲料70元、电费1.8元），顶料减损收益约为节电收益的24倍。该方法不改动设备与管路，仅调整投料先后顺序，对生产节律与猪只采食无不利影响；不具备排程软件的猪场，按4条规则进行手工排程亦可达到节约成本的目的。

关键词: 地方猪, 基因组选择, 适应性, 遗传多样性, 选择指数, 多组学

Abstract: In multi-story swine farms, shared feed delivery lines transport multiple feed types. Switching between feeds requires a batch of sacrificial feed (industry term: "flush feed") to purge residual feed from pipelines, causing both direct feed loss and additional electricity consumption from equipment operation. Current manual scheduling triggers by feed level without cross-floor consolidation, leading to random feed-switching frequency and reliance on human compliance for isolation protocols. This study aimed to develop a feed delivery scheduling method that reduced flush feed loss and electricity consumption without equipment modifications. Three rules were formulated from farm isolation protocols: an isolation combination list, flush feed quantity, and isolation interval. Three sorting strategies were applied: same-feed consolidation, floor-based clustering, and dedicated-feed batch concentration. Together, these formed a delivery sequence table and feed batch ledger directly executable by the central control system, converting isolation compliance from voluntary to algorithm-enforced. The method was applied in a 6-floor swine house with 24 feeding points and approximately 3 600 pigs over 10 consecutive production days, with a 10-day baseline of the same caliber for comparison. The isolation protocol execution rate reached 100% with no high-risk cross-contamination events. Daily isolation switches decreased from 4.4 to 2.0. Flush feed net loss decreased from 88 to 40 kg/d (daily savings of approximately 168 CNY). Average daily measured electricity consumption dropped from 39.5 to 28.9 kWh (a 26.7% reduction). The complete cost per flush was approximately 72 CNY (feed: 70 CNY; electricity: 1.8 CNY), with feed loss reduction benefits of approximately 24 times those of electricity savings. The method requires no equipment or pipeline modifications—only adjustment of feed delivery sequence, with no adverse effects on production rhythm or pig feeding. Farms without scheduling software could still achieve the goal of cost savings by manually following four rules.

Key words: multi-story swine farming, feed delivery, flush feed, production scheduling, energy saving

中图分类号:  S828；S813

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ISSN 1673-4645
CN 11-5435/S
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