地方猪育种研究进展

doi:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2025.02.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国约有世界1/3的猪种资源，种质特性丰富且独特，如繁殖性能强、生长缓慢、抗逆性强、肉质优良等。然而，随着外来瘦肉型猪种的大量引进，地方猪市场受到巨大冲击，许多地方品种资源得不到有效利用。为充分开发利用地方猪种质资源，我国研究人员通过本品种选育、新品种培育及配套系生产等多方面展开研究，并且应用于医学领域研究。近年来，伴随育种技术创新，地方猪育种更加精准精细，种质资源开发利用富有成效，含地方猪血缘的优质猪市场占有力不断增强。本文就地方猪种质特性、育种技术发展及地方猪育种研究进行综述，为打造高质量优质猪产业化发展提供有力技术支撑。

关键词: 地方猪；育种；新品种；全基因组选择；基因编辑；培育；标记辅助选择

Abstract: China possessed approximately one-third of the world's pig genetic resources, characterized by rich and unique germplasm traits such as high reproductive performance, slow growth rate, strong stress resistance, and superior meat quality. However, the large-scale introduction of lean-type commercial pigs had significantly impacted the local pig market, leading to the underutilization of many indigenous breeds. To fully develop and utilize local pig genetic resources, Chinese researchers had conducted extensive studied involving individual crossbreeding, new breed development, and the establishment of supporting breeding systems, with applications extending to biomedical research. In recent years, advancements in breeding strategies had facilitated more precise and refined breeding of local pig populations, accelerating the exploitation of indigenous genetic resources and enhancing the market competitiveness of pig breeds with distinct Chinese characteristics. This review summarized the genetic characteristics of local pig breeds, advancements in breeding technologies, and current research on local pig breeding, provided valuable insights to support the sustainable development of a high-quality pig industry.

Key words: local pigs; breeding; new breeds; whole genome selection; gene editing; cultivation; marker-assisted selection

中图分类号: S828；S858

高祥，王拓原，孙雅妮，崔清明，彭英林，陈晨. 地方猪育种研究进展[J]. 中国猪业, 2025, 20(2): 63-74.

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