猪肾在生物医学中的应用

doi:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2025.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 猪肾因其与人类肾脏的相似性而广泛应用于生物医学研究领域，猪肾脏解剖结构和生理特征使其成为理想的疾病模型。在疾病机制探索中，猪肾被广泛用于构建急性与慢性肾衰竭、糖尿病型肾病、高血压型肾病及缺血再灌注损伤等病理模型，为揭示肾脏纤维化、炎症反应及代谢失衡等分子机制提供了关键平台。在评估新治疗方案，并推动药物开发，尤其在药物代谢和肾功能评估方面展现出独特优势。此外，猪肾在异种器官移植中也具有巨大潜力，基因编辑技术如CRISPR/Cas9的应用有助于减少排斥反应，从而为解决器官短缺问题提供了新的方向。然而，未来的研究仍需应对免疫排斥和伦理问题，以推动其在临床应用中的发展。总体而言，猪肾在生物医学中的潜力巨大，为相关疾病的治疗与研究开辟了新路径。

关键词: 猪；肾脏；生物医学；疾病模型；基因编辑；异种移植；免疫排斥

Abstract: Porcine kidney was widely used in biomedical research because of its similarity to human kidney, and its anatomical structure and physiological characteristics made it an ideal disease model. In the exploration of disease mechanisms, porcine kidney had been widely used to construct pathological models of acute and chronic renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, and ischemia-reperfusion injury, provided a key platform for revealing the molecular mechanisms of renal fibrosis, inflammatory response, and metabolic imbalance. In addition, it demonstrated unique advantages in evaluating new therapeutic options and promoting drug development, especially in drug metabolism and renal function assessment. Meanwhile, porcine kidneys also had great potential in xenotransplantation, and the application of gene editing techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 could help to minimize rejection, thus provided a new direction to solve the organ shortage problem. However, future research still needed to address immune rejection and ethical issues to advance its development in clinical applications. Overall, porcine kidney had great potential in biomedicine and opens new pathways for treatment and research of related diseases.

Key words: pigs; kidney; biomedical science; disease model; gene editing; xenotransplantation; immune rejection

中图分类号: S828；S814.8

骆庆龙，练胜举，王婧，龙次民，刘梅. 猪肾在生物医学中的应用[J]. 中国猪业, 2025, 20(2): 51-62.

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