楼房养猪模式下楼层对育肥猪舍内空气质量的影响

doi:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2026.04.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在封闭式楼房养猪模式下，舍内环境直接影响猪只健康生产和动物福利。本文调研了1天内部分连续时间监测下楼层差异对育肥猪舍内环境条件变化的影响。针对常见指标二氧化碳、氨气和温湿度于下午3:30时到第二天早晨7:30时，这一时间段内在高、中、低楼层的育肥舍中进行每分钟级的连续监控。结果显示，空气温度呈现低楼层高于高楼层高于中楼层的规律，这可能与中楼层猪只数量最低以及楼层高度有关。高楼层湿度高于中低楼层，可能受顶层废气处理用水帘的影响。二氧化碳浓度随时间推移而下降，氨气浓度也遵循相似规律，但楼层间存在差异。二氧化碳和氨气整体呈现低楼层浓度高于高楼层的趋势，推测也与顶层通风设计有关。夜间猪只活动量降低，对环境的影响较小，可能更适合进行如外环境影响舍内环境数据随时空变化方面的研究。本研究摸索了育肥猪舍内环境参数的时空变化规律，为楼房猪场舍内精细化环境控制提供了参考。

关键词: 楼房猪场, 环境, 温度, 湿度, 二氧化碳, 氨气

Abstract: Under the fully enclosed multi-story pig raising mode, the indoor barn environment directly affects pig health, production performance and animal welfare. This study explored the effects of floor differences on diurnal variations of environmental conditions in finishing pig barns via continuous long-term monitoring throughout a whole day. Four common indicators, namely carbon dioxide (CO2), ammonia (NH3), air temperature and relative humidity, were continuously monitored at 1-minute intervals in finishing barns on the bottom, middle and top floors, with the monitoring period covering from 15:30 to 07:30 the next morning. The results showed that the air temperature followed the sequence: bottom floor > top floor > middle floor. This phenomenon was probably related to the smaller number of pigs raised on the middle floor as well as differences in floor height. The relative humidity on the top floor was higher than that on the middle and bottom floors, which may be caused by the water curtain used for waste gas treatment on the top floor. Carbon dioxide concentration decreased as time elapsed, and ammonia concentration exhibited a similar declining trend, while discrepancies existed among different floors. Overall, concentrations of both CO2 and NH3 were higher on the bottom floor than on the top floor, which was speculated to be associated with the ventilation design of the top floor. Pigs have lower activity levels at night and impose less interference on the barn micro-environment; therefore, nighttime is more suitable for research concerning spatiotemporal variations of environmental data. This study clarified the spatiotemporal change patterns of environmental parameters in finishing pig barns, and provides a reference for precise environmental regulation in multi-story pig farms.

Key words: multi-story pig farm, environment, temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide, ammonia

中图分类号: S828；S815

桂楚宸, 吴芮庭, 王燕, 邓近平, 张玲娜, 刘向东. 楼房养猪模式下楼层对育肥猪舍内空气质量的影响[J]. 中国猪业, 2026, 21(4): 48-56.

GUI Chuchen, WU Ruiting, WANG Yan, DENG Jinping, ZHANG Lingna, LIU Xiangdong. Effects of different floors on indoor air quality in finishing pig barns of multi-story pig farms[J]. China Swine Industry, 2026, 21(4): 48-56.

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