Abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is an important pathogen that endangers the global swine industry, the pathogenic core of this virus lies in the strong immune evasion and replication regulation mediated by its encoded non-structural proteins. The PRRSV non-structural protein family has many members, Nsp1茁 and Nsp2 play a key role in innate immune suppression, regulation of viral virulence, and genetic variation evolution. This article systematically clarified the molecular mechanism by which PRRSV Nsp1茁 targets host genes and blocks innate immune signaling pathways. It focused on analyzing the genetic and variant characteristics of Nsp2 at the molecular level and the host factor antagonistic patterns at the protein level, and the differences functions of the Nsp2 in different PRRSV strain. Summarized the weak links in current research and clarify future directions, aiming to provide theoretical support for the pathogenesis of PRRSV, the development of new vaccines, and the screening of antiviral drugs.