不同有效精子数的自动仿生输精技术对母猪繁殖性能的影响

doi:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2025.02.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究不同输精方式对母猪繁殖性能的影响，并探究自动仿生输精（快配舒）技术应用中的最适配有效精子数量，选择健康状况良好，膘情合适，批次、品种、胎次、日龄等背景一致的母猪340头，随机分为试验组和对照组。A1、B1、C1、D1和E1等5组为试验组，A1、B1、C1、D1每组各40头，E1组20头，共180头，采用自动仿生方式输精；A2、B2、C2、D2和E2为对照组，A2、B2、C2每组各40头，D2、E2每组各20头，共160头，采用普通常规输精。A1和A2组、B1和B2组、C1和C2组、D1和D2组、E1和E2组每次输精的有效精子数分别为20亿个、15亿个、12亿个、10亿个和8亿个。通过对比输精后2组母猪的繁殖性能指标发现，快配舒自动仿生输精技术能显著提高母猪配种效率且不影响母猪繁殖成绩，其中10亿个有效精子数的自动仿生（快配舒）输精方式比同等有效精子数传统方式输精的配种分娩率高出近20%，窝均产总仔数多出近3头。因而，10亿个有效精子数的自动仿生（快配舒）输精方式表现最佳，不仅使用精子数量少，而且繁殖成绩好，具有推广使用的意义。

关键词: 母猪；输精方式；人工授精；自动仿生输精；精子数；繁殖性能；分娩率

Abstract: To investigate the effects of different insemination methods on the reproductive performance of sows and to explore the optimal number of effective spermatozoa in the application of automatic bionic insemination (CAPSULE) technology, 340 healthy sows with similar body condition, batch, breed, parity, and age were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental groups, A1, B1, C1, D1, and E1, consisted of 180 sows in total, with 40 sows each in A1, B1, C1, and D1, and 20 sows in E1, all inseminated using the automatic bionic method. The control groups A2, B2, C2, D2, and E2, consisted of 160 sows in total, with 40 sows each in A2, B2, and C2, and 20 sows each in D2 and E2, all inseminated using the conventional method. The number of effective spermatozoa per insemination for A1 and A2 groups, B1 and B2 groups, C1 and C2 groups, D1 and D2 groups, and E1 and E2 groups were 2 billion, 1.5 billion, 1.2 billion, 1 billion, and 0.8 billion, respectively. By comparing the reproductive performance indicators of the sows after insemination, it was found that the automatic bionic insemination technology significantly improved the breeding efficiency of sows without affecting their reproductive performance. Specifically, the group using 1 billion sperm with automatic bionic insemination (CAPSULE) achieved farrowing rate nearly 20% higher than the conventional method with the same sperm count, along with an average increase of 3 piglets per litter. Thus, the automatic bionic insemination (CAPSULE) method with 1 billion effective spermatozoa performed the best, not only using fewer spermatozoa but also achieving good reproductive results, making it worthy of promotion and use.

Key words: sows; method of insemination; artificial insemination; automatic bionic insemination; spermatozoa number; reproductive performance; delivery rate

中图分类号: S828；S821.3

李洪，戴琦，熊汉成，吴丽艳. 不同有效精子数的自动仿生输精技术对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J]. 中国猪业, 2025, 20(2): 84-92.

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