主要生猪养殖国粪污治理模式经验及启示

doi:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2024.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着生猪养殖规模的不断扩大，粪污治理成为环境保护和可持续发展的关键问题。本文选取美国、丹麦、荷兰和德国等生猪生产国作为对象，对其生猪产业发展现状、畜禽粪便和污水处理模式、政策法规及粪污资源化利用模式等进行分析。结果表明，美国在畜牧业污染防治法律法规体系、规划布局及技术模式等方面形成了独特经验；丹麦在畜牧业法规制度、生态平衡与补偿、技术模式与政策支持方面别具特色；荷兰在养殖理念与政策层面具有一定先进性；德国在养殖政策支持层面也有可借鉴之处。通过分析以上4个国家在完善畜牧业相关标准、机制、监管和规划等科学精准处理粪污方面的发展经验，提出我国生猪养殖粪污处理模式应结合自身国情，借鉴各国优点，在完善法规体系、优化产业布局、加强技术创新、落实补贴政策等方面不断努力，以推动畜牧业粪污处理工作的高效开展，实现产业可持续发展。

关键词: 生猪')">

生猪, 粪污治理, 发达国家, 经验借鉴

Abstract:

With the continuous expansion of pig farming, manure treatment had become a key issue for environmental protection and sustainable development. This paper selected pig producing countries such as United States, Denmark, Netherlands and Germany as the analysis objects, and analyzed the development status of pig industry, livestock and poultry manure and sewage treatment mode, policies and regulations and technical models of manure resource utilization. The results showed that the United States had formed unique experience in the legal and regulatory system, planning layout and technical model of livestock pollution prevention and control. Denmark had unique characteristics in legal system, ecological balance and compensation, technical model and policy support. Netherlands had significant advantages in concept and policy. Germany had something worth learning from in policy support. On the basis of these results, this paper analyzed the development experience of four countries in improving relevant standards, mechanisms, supervision and planning to treat manure scientifically and accurately, proposed that China should learn from the advantages of all parties and combined its own national conditions to make continuous efforts in improving the legal system, optimizing the industrial layout, strengthening technological innovation and implementing subsidy policies, so as to promote the efficient development of animal husbandry manure treatment and achieve sustainable development of the industry.

Key words: pigs')">

pigs, manure treatment, developed country, lessons learned

中图分类号:

S815.4；X713

王如心, 王祖力, 肖红波. 主要生猪养殖国粪污治理模式经验及启示[J]. 中国猪业, 2024, 19(4): 1-16.

Wang Ruxin, Wang Zuli, Xiao Hongbo.

Experience and Enlightenment of Manure Treatment Model in Major Pig Farming Countries Abroad [J]. China Swine Industry, 2024, 19(4): 1-16.

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