胎次和配种季节对二元母猪繁殖性能的影响

doi:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2024.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究胎次和配种季节对长大二元杂交母猪繁殖性能的影响，本试验选取了11 333窝长大二元杂交母猪的产仔数据，包括总产仔数（Total number born, TNB）、产活仔数（Number born alive, NBA）、产弱仔数（Number of weak births, NWB）、仔猪出生窝重（Litter birth weight, LBW）、仔猪断奶数（Number of wearning, NW）、妊娠时间（Time to pregnancy, TTP）、产死胎数（Number of stillborn, NSB）等7个指标，分析了配种季节和胎次共同作用对长大二元杂交猪繁殖性能的影响。结果表明， 4、5、6胎次母猪的总产仔数显著高于其他胎次（P＜0.05），其中6胎次母猪的总产仔数最高；且4胎次母猪产活仔数显著高于其他胎次（P＜0.05）；2胎次母猪产弱仔数显著低于其他胎次（P＜0.05）；4胎次母猪所产仔猪的出生窝重显著高于其他胎次（P＜0.05），第2胎母猪妊娠时间显著低于其他胎次（P＜0.05），初产母猪妊娠时间显著高于其他胎次（P＜0.05）；发现母猪产死胎数随胎次增加而呈上升趋势，在7胎次及以上达到最高（P＜0.05）。母猪的胎次与总产仔数、产活仔数、仔猪出生窝重、仔猪断奶数、产死胎数呈极显著正相关关系（P＜0.01）；胎次与妊娠时间呈极显著负相关关系（P＜0.01）。第4胎次母猪在秋冬季配种产仔性能最好，第2胎次母猪在夏季配种产仔性能最好，5胎次母猪在春季配种产仔性能最好，第6胎次母猪在秋季配种产仔性能最好；初产母猪在秋季配种产仔性能最好，7胎次及以上母猪在春季配种产仔性能最好。胎次和季节对母猪的产仔性能及仔猪生产性能的影响研究，可以为养猪企业合理利用母猪年限提供数据参考。

中图分类号: S828；S813.22

卢晓芳，冉茂良. 胎次和配种季节对二元母猪繁殖性能的影响[J]. 中国猪业, 2024, 19(3): 85-92.

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